AP Psychology Practice Test 2025 - Free AP Psychology Practice Questions and Study Guide

Dendrites serve a crucial role in the functioning of neurons by receiving and transmitting information. They are tree-like structures that extend from the neuron's cell body and are specifically designed to detect signals from other neurons. When neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminals of neighboring neurons, they bind to receptor sites on the dendrites, which allows the neuron to receive incoming information. This process is essential for communication within the nervous system, enabling the transfer of electrical impulses that facilitate everything from reflexes to cognition.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary role of dendrites. Transporting nutrients throughout the body relates more to the circulatory or lymphatic systems rather than the neuronal structure. Initiating the body's hormonal responses is primarily the function of glands and the endocrine system. Connecting different neurons is mainly the role of axons rather than dendrites, which are specifically geared towards receiving information. This understanding of dendrites highlights their importance in the overall process of neural communication and the functioning of the brain.