AP Psychology Practice Test

What does the motor cortex control?

1. Involuntary movements

2. Voluntary movements

3. Emotions

4. Language comprehension

The correct answer is: Voluntary movements

The motor cortex is a critical area in the brain located in the frontal lobe, and its primary function is to control voluntary movements. This region is responsible for planning, initiating, and directing the execution of movements in various parts of the body. When an individual decides to move, the motor cortex sends signals to specific muscles, allowing for coordinated actions like walking, writing, or playing an instrument. The control exerted by the motor cortex is both precise and organized, with different areas corresponding to different body parts—a concept known as the motor homunculus. This anatomical arrangement illustrates how different sections of the motor cortex are involved in the control of various muscle groups, emphasizing its role in voluntary movement. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the motor cortex's responsibility for intentional and conscious motor actions, distinguishing it from other brain areas that might handle involuntary movements, emotions, or language comprehension.