AP Psychology Practice Test

What is an unconditioned response (UCR) in classical conditioning?

1. A response learned through reinforcement

2. A naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus

3. A response that requires no learning to occur naturally

4. A response that is conditioned through training

The correct answer is: A naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus

An unconditioned response (UCR) is defined as a naturally occurring response that occurs automatically in reaction to an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) without any prior learning or conditioning. This means that the UCR is an innate reflex that does not require any experience for it to be elicited. For instance, in Pavlov's classic experiment, the salivation of a dog when it is presented with food is an example of an unconditioned response. The dog does not need to learn to salivate in reaction to food; it is an inherent biological reaction. In contrast, other responses mentioned in the choices involve learning processes or conditioning, such as being learned through reinforcement or requiring training to occur, and therefore do not accurately define the nature of an unconditioned response.