AP Psychology Practice Test

What is naturalistic observation?

1. Manipulating variables in a lab setting

2. Observing behavior in natural settings without interference

3. Experimenting with one's natural abilities

4. Surveying people in their natural habitat

The correct answer is: Observing behavior in natural settings without interference

Naturalistic observation refers to the technique of observing subjects in their natural environments without interference or manipulation by the observer. This method allows psychologists to gather data on behaviors as they occur spontaneously, providing insights that may not be evident in controlled laboratory settings. By watching how individuals behave in their everyday lives, researchers can obtain a more authentic representation of their actions, interactions, and habits. Other methods mentioned, such as manipulating variables in a lab setting, are different approaches designed to establish cause-and-effect relationships rather than simply observing behavior. Experimenting with one's natural abilities focuses on an individual's skills, while surveying people involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews, which is distinct from direct observation of behavior. Thus, the correct answer accurately describes the essence of naturalistic observation.