AP Psychology Practice Test

What is the set point theory related to?

1. Weight management

2. Cognitive ability

3. Muscular strength

4. Bone density

The correct answer is: Weight management

Set point theory is primarily related to weight management, positing that each individual has a specific weight range (set point) that their body naturally strives to maintain. According to this theory, biological mechanisms such as metabolism and hunger regulate body weight, counteracting weight gain or loss in efforts to return to this predetermined set point. This means that when a person tries to lose or gain weight significantly, metabolic adjustments occur that can make it difficult for them to maintain that new weight, as the body attempts to restore itself to its set point. This concept is particularly relevant for understanding why some people may struggle with weight loss or may regain weight after dieting. As such, the focus on biological regulation centers on factors like hormones, fat storage, and metabolic rates, demonstrating the interplay between physiology and behavior in weight management. Other options, while related to physical health, do not pertain to the specific mechanisms of maintaining body weight, which is the centerpiece of set point theory.